On the right bottom margin of a Promissory Note appeared the signature of the corporation’s president and treasurer above their printed names with the phrase “and in his personal capacity.” The corporation failed to pay its obligation. Are the officers liable?

Yes, persons who write their names on the face of promissory notes are makers and liable as such. The officers are co‐makers and as such, they cannot escape liability arising therefrom. (Republic Planters Bank v. CA, G.R. No. 93073, Dec. 21, 1992)