PROCEDURE WHEN CREDITOR SUES IN A GUARANTY

Art.  2062.  In  every  action  by  the  creditor,  which  must  be against  the  principal  debtor  alone,  except  in  the  cases mentioned in Article 2059, the former shall ask the court to notify  the  guarantor  of  the  action.  The  guarantor  may appear so that he may, if he so desire, set up such defenses as  are  granted  him  by  law.  The  benefit  of  excussion mentioned in Article 2058 shall always be unimpaired, even if judgment should be rendered against the principal debtor and  the  guarantor  in  case  of  appearance  by  the  latter. (1834a)

PROCEDURE WHEN CREDITOR SUES

1.   SENT  AGAINST  PRINCIPAL—the  creditor  must  sue  the principal  alone.    The  guarantor  cannot  be  sued  together with his principal except when the guarantor is not entitled to the benefit of excussion.

2.   NOTICE  TO  GUARANTOR  OF  THE  ACTION—the  guarantor must be  notified so that  he may appear, if  he so desires, and set up the defenses he may want to offer  
a.    If  the  guarantor  appears,  he  is  still  given  the benefit  of  excussion  even  if  judgment  is  rendered against him and the principal debtor
b.   If  he   doesn’t   appear,   he  cannot  set  up  the defenses which, by appearing, are allowed him by
law,  and  it  may  no  longer  be  possible  for  him  to question  the  validity  of  the  judgment  rendered
against the debtor

3.   HEARING  BEFORE  EXECUTION  CAN  BE  ISSUED  AGAINST GUARANTOR