FIRST DIVISION
[G. R. No. 116938. September 20, 2001]
LEONILA GARCIA-RUEDA, petitioner, vs. REMEDIOS A. AMOR, *
RAUL R. ARNAU, ABELARDO L.
APORTADERA, JR., FRANCISCO A. VILLA, ** all of the
Office of the Ombudsman, and LEONCIA R. DIMAGIBA, Assistant City Prosecutor,
Manila, respondents.
D E C I S I O N
PARDO,
J.:
The Case
The case is a petition
for certiorari[1] to annul and set aside the resolution of the
Ombudsman dismissing the complaint for violation of R. A. No. 3019, Sec. 3 [e],
against respondent assistant city prosecutor Leoncia R. Dimagiba, for lack of
evidence showing that complainant suffered undue injury through manifest
partiality and evident bad faith of the respondent public officials.[2]
The Facts
On 19 November 1991,
petitioner’s husband, Engr. Florencio V. Rueda, Jr., 32 years old, underwent an
operation at the Santo Tomas University Hospital, Sampaloc, Manila for the
removal of a stone blocking his ureter. Dr. Domingo Antonio, Jr., urological
surgeon, performed the operation with Dr. Erlinda Balatbat-Reyes as
anaesthesiologist. The surgery started
at 8:30 a. m. and it was over at 9:50 a. m.
The patient was given spinal/regional anaesthesia (Pontocaine) and
inhalational or gaseous anaesthesia (Forane or Isuflorane).[3]
A few minutes after the
surgery, while the patient was wheeled to the recovery room, he manifested
facial twitches, muscle rigidity, and tonic and clonic seizures. His body temperature rose to 42 degrees
Centigrade and blood pressure was 210 (systolic mm Hg) over 110 (diastolic mm
Hg) per clinical records.[4]
Doctors Antonio and Balatbat-Reyes
immediately administered appropriate emergency treatment for epileptic seizures
in consultation with specialists on neurology, cardiology and anaesthesia.
However, the general condition of the patient deteriorated, and he later
developed asystole at 3:15 p. m. The doctors initiated cardiopulmonary
resuscitation procedure. Nevertheless, it was unsuccessful, and at 3:45 p. m.,
the patient died.[5]
Dr. Domingo Antonio, Jr.
signed the death certificate indicating the immediate cause of death as status
epilepticus, antecedent cause unknown.
Other significant condition contributing to death–ureterolithotomy
(lower third, right) under spinal anaesthesia.[6]
In the evening of the
same day, relatives of the victim requested the National Bureau of
Investigation (NBI) to conduct an autopsy on his cadaver. According to the NBI
Medico-Legal findings, the victim died of malignant hyperthermia, secondary to
anaesthesia clinical[7] and recommended the filing of criminal
charges against Dr. Domingo Antonio, Jr. and Dr. Erlinda Balatbat-Reyes, for
reckless imprudence resulting in homicide.[8]
On 7 July 1993, Assistant
City Prosecutor Dimagiba to whom the case was reassigned (after several other
prosecutors inhibited themselves) conducted another preliminary investigation.[9]
On 24 August, 1993,
respondent assistant city prosecutor Dimagiba recommended the dismissal of the
complaint against Dr. Reyes and the filing of an information for reckless
imprudence resulting in homicide against Dr. Domingo Antonio, Jr.[10]
On 25 August 1993,
respondent assistant city prosecutor Dimagiba filed with the Regional Trial
Court, Manila, an information against Dr. Domingo Antonio, Jr. for reckless
imprudence resulting in homicide.[11]
On 23 November 1993,
petitioner filed with the Office of the Ombudsman a complaint against assistant
city prosecutor Dimagiba for violation of R. A. No. 3019, Sec. 3 [e], and for
grave misconduct.[12]
On 1 March 1994, Graft
Investigation Officer II (GIO) Remedios A. Amor submitted to the Ombudsman a
draft resolution recommending dismissal of the charges against assistant city
prosecutor Dimagiba for lack of evidence.[13]
On 4 March 1994,
respondent Raul R. Arnau, head, evaluation and preliminary investigation
bureau, Office of the Ombudsman, recommended approval of the resolution.[14] On 8 March 1994, respondent Abelardo L.
Aportadera, Jr. assistant Ombudsman
(EIO), reviewed the resolution, and on 9 March 1994, respondent
Francisco A. Villa, Overall Deputy Ombudsman approved the resolution.[15]
On 7 April, 1994,
petitioner filed with the Office of the Ombudsman a motion for reconsideration,[16] however, on 29 July 1994, respondent
officials of the Office of the Ombudsman denied the motion.[17]
Hence, this petition.[18]
The Issue
The issue raised is
whether respondent officials of the Office of the Ombudsman gravely abused
their discretion in finding that there was no evidence sufficient to warrant
the prosecution of respondent assistant city prosecutor Dimagiba for violation
of R. A. No. 3019, Sec. 3 [e].[19]
The Court’s Ruling
Petitioner posits that in
dismissing the case for reckless imprudence resulting in homicide against Dr.
Erlinda Balatbat-Reyes despite overwhelming evidence pointing to the criminal
liability of the latter, assistant city prosecutor Dimagiba violated the
Anti-Graft Act, R. A. No. 3019, Section
3 [e].
In his comment,[20] the Solicitor General submitted the view
that “the Office of the Ombudsman is not the proper forum for the review of
what might be reversible errors in the appreciation of the evidence in cases
before quasi-judicial or judicial bodies.”[21]
We agree with the
Solicitor General that the Ombudsman may not pass upon errors of the
prosecutor’s office intrinsic to the resolution itself of the case as that
function pertains to the power of review of the Secretary of Justice.[22]
In fact, in this case,
the petitioner appealed the resolution of assistant city prosecutor Dimagiba to
the Secretary of Justice. On 27
September 1994, the Secretary of Justice dismissed the petition for review.[23] On 23 January 1995, the Secretary of Justice
denied petitioner’s motion for reconsideration.[24]
On March 10, 1995,
petitioner filed with the Supreme Court a petition for certiorari[25] questioning the ruling of the Secretary of
Justice, which we referred to the Court of Appeals.[26] On 13 June 1996, the Court of Appeals
promulgated a decision setting aside the resolution of the Secretary of Justice and directing the City Prosecutor of
Manila to give due course to the information against respondent Dr. Reyes.[27]
The essential elements of
violation of R. A. No. 3019, Sec. 3 [e] are as follows:
“(1) The accused is a public officer or a private person charged in conspiracy with the former;
“(2) The said public officer commits the prohibited acts during the performance of his or her official duties or in relation to his or her public positions;
“(3) That he or she causes undue injury to any party, whether the government or a private party;
“(4) Such undue injury is caused by giving unwarranted benefits, advantage or preference to such parties; and
“(5) That the public officer has acted with manifest partiality,
evident bad faith or gross inexcusable negligence.”[28]
In dismissing
petitioner’s charges against Dr. Erlinda Balatbat-Reyes, respondent prosecutor
Dimagiba did not cause any undue injury to petitioner. Respondent prosecutor as a quasi-judicial
official exercises discretion to determine whether probable cause exists
sufficient to sustain the charge against Dr. Reyes.[29] In the performance of the duties of her
office as prosecutor, respondent assistant city prosecutor Dimagiba may err.[30] Such error may not necessarily cause undue
injury to any party. To constitute this
element of the offense, the act of respondent must cause specific quantified
injury to any party by giving unwarranted benefits, advantage or preference to
such party with the public officer acting with manifest partiality, evident bad
faith or gross inexcusable negligence.[31]
In the absence of
evidence showing that the act of respondent assistant city prosecutor in
dismissing the charge against Dr. Reyes was done in evident bad faith or gross
inexcusable negligence, causing undue injury to petitioner, the charge of
violation of R. A. No. 3019, Sec. 3[e], would not prosper.[32]
The Fallo
WHEREFORE, the Court hereby DISMISSES the petition for
lack of merit.
No costs.
SO ORDERED.
Davide, Jr., C.J., (Chairman),
Kapunan, and Ynares-Santiago, JJ., concur.
Puno, J., on official leave.
[1] Under Rule 65,
Revised Rules of Court (1964 Revision).
[2] Respondents
are: Raul R. Arnau, Abelardo L.
Aportadera, Jr., Francisco A. Villa, all of the Office of the Ombudsman and
Leoncia R. Dimagiba, assistant city prosecutor of Manila.
[3] Petition, Rollo,
pp. 10-11.
[4] Ibid., at p.
11.
[5] Rollo, pp.
180-181.
[6] Certificate of
Death, Rollo, p. 138.
[7] Autopsy Report No. N-91-3035,
Rollo, p. 139.
[8] Rollo, pp.
15-16.
[9] Rollo, pp.
11-13, 223.
[10] Rollo, p. 16.
[11] Docketed as Criminal
Case No. 93-126981. Rollo, p.
23. On 17 September 1996, the trial court dismissed the case, on joint motion
of the parties because they have reached amicable settlement with respect to
the civil aspect.
[12] Docketed as
OMB-0-93-3252. Rollo, p. 24.
[13] Petition, Annex “A”,
Resolution, Rollo, pp. 42-46.
[14] Ibid., at p.
45.
[15] Petition, Annex “A”,
Rollo, pp. 42-46, at p. 45.
[16] Petition, Annex
“B-1”, Motion for Reconsideration, Rollo, pp. 49-62.
[17] Petition, Annex “B”,
Order, Rollo, pp. 47-48.
[18] Petition filed on 27
September 1994. On 26 February 1997, we
gave due course to the petition (Rollo, p. 954).
[19] Comment, Rollo,
pp. 880-896.
[20] Rollo, pp.
880-896.
[21] Rollo, pp.
880-896, at p. 886.
[22] Jalandoni v.
Drilon, 327 SCRA 107, 118 [2000].
Department Order No. 70, dated July 3, 2000.
[23] Rollo, pp.
796-798.
[24] Rollo, p.
799.
[25] G. R. No. 118981.
[26] Per Resolution dated
June 21, 1995. Docketed as CA-G. R. SP
No. 37752.
[27] Decision of the
Court of Appeals, Rollo, pp. 924-953.
[28] Garcia v.
Office of the Ombudsman, 325 SCRA 667, 669-670 [2000], citing Pecho v.
Sandiganbayan, 238 SCRA 116, 128 [1994]; Llorente Jr. v. Sandiganbayan,
350 Phil. 820, 837 [1998]; Ingco v. Sandiganbayan, 338 Phil. 1061, 1072
[1997].
[29] Estrella v.
Orendain, 37 SCRA 640 [1971];Castillo v. Villaluz, 171 SCRA 39, 42
[1989]; Pono v. National Labor Relations Commission, 341 Phil. 615, 620
[1997], citing Ogburn v. Court of Appeals, 212 SCRA 483 [1992]; People v.
Devaras, 228 SCRA 482 [1993]; Cruz, Jr. v. People, 233 SCRA 439 [1994].
[30] To err is human.
[31] Avila v.
Sandiganbayan, 307 SCRA 236 [1999].
[32] Venus v.
Desierto, 358 Phil. 675, 699 [1998].